Prior to 1855, there were no special immigration procession
centers. When a ship landed from abroad, it presented its
passenger list to the Collector of Customs. He collected
whatever Customs declarations were required and the immigrants
simply went their way. This would have been the case when the
first of the
Getty family arrived in 1852
Starting on August 1, 1855, a facility called Castle Garden
Emigrant Depot
(also known as Castle Clinton) started examining and processing
immigrants on behalf of the State of New York. In 1882, Congress
passed the Immigration Act which brought all immigration matters
under the jurisdiction of the Federal government.
During its time as the major entry port to the
U.S. for immigrants from Europe from 1855 to
1890, Castle Garden processed over 8 million
people. According to one source, this
represented 20% of the ancestry of the current
day population of the U.S. Of these millions,
the largest group consisted of Germans.
Castle Garden continued to function until 1890
so
August Heiden, his
wife, Rika,
and their children, the
Rambows and
Roggermans came through this processing
center. The more famous Ellis Island facility
did not open until 1892.
Click Here
for an account of Castle Garden Emigrant Depot in 1866 from the New York
Times Marine Intelligence Column of December 23, 1866.
|